Background Estimation
Background concentrations are typically first explored by plotting data values on a map that also includes historical land use and geological features that have contributed to soil genesis or groundwater character. A simple visual presentation of the data may identify areas of low concentration, as well as areas of high concentration (hot spots). EDA may be used to examine a data set to determine if it is consistent with the expected background levels. Box plots, histograms, and normal probability plots (see GSMC-1, Section 5.1) may provide objective standards against which may be used to identify extreme values or areas that may be tentatively identified as consistent with background due to low or consistent variability.
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